Now that Mac OS X Mavericks is available, there are some things I recommend reading to get up-to-speed:
As always, John Siracusa has written an epic (24 pages!) review of the new OS for Ars Technica. And as always, I recommend preparing beforehand by doing some calisthenics and brewing a cup of coffee (or three). Also be sure to read John's additional explanation of the review and the various formats you can read/purchase it in.
Stephen Hackett also has a great review of Mavericks you should check out. I'd say it's for those people who prefer a shorter review than Siracusa's, but who am I kidding — the true geeks among us will end up reading both anyway.
Last but not least, Federico Viticci and the other guys at MacStories have put together a list of over 70 tips, tricks, and details that will help you get the most out of Mavericks. Lots of goodies to discover here. In another article from this morning, Federico outlines what it's been like to do his work on Mavericks after a year of predominantly using iOS.